This article Originated from chinese news paper
August 26, Ministry of Science and the State Oceanic Administration announced: "863" major project - China's first self-designed, integrated self-developed "dragon No." breakthrough manned submersible dive depth of 3,000 meters levels, the biggest dive depth of 3759 meters. China has become the United States, France, Russia and Japan after the fifth country to master more than 3,500 meters deep manned deep diving technique.
Exploration of the sea】 【deep dive
4 dive to 3,000 meters off the following
Visible light gray submarine, unknown fish in the swimming. EVA temperature probably about 2 ℃, "No. dragon" deep-dive of the driver Tsung Yeh feeling a bit cold in the cabin. Suspension positioning feature in the open, bathyscaphs stopped, started sampling arm.
300 minutes, the submarine program operation to complete, Tsung Yeh, report to headquarters: "dive depth of 3757 meters, has completed its task. Request float." Then, "No. dragon" in accordance with instructions slowly up ... ...
This is the "dragon number" deep dive scene when the device operation. In the May 31-July 18, whilethe South China Seasea conditions better time, "No. dragon" to create a record of our deep dive.
19 days, the "dragon number" 3000 meters deep in the South China Sea has completed 17 dives, 7 of them across the depth of 2000 meters, four times above 3000 meters, the maximum dive depth of 3759 meters.
"No. dragon" to create the underwater and submarine operations 9 hours and 3 minutes of the record, verified bathyscaphs level in the 3,000 meters water depth indicators of the performance and functionality.
【Potential Hayley Transmitter
The designed capacity of 7,000 meters dive
"No. dragon" in 3,000 meters water depth has withstood the test class and test, already 7,000 meters to 5,000 meters water depth and even a "qualified."Tsung Yeh said, "We are not only able to reach this depth of 3759 meters, but also work, including the arm, samplers and other functions and operational capabilities must be achieved."
Chief architect of the manned deep submergence device Xu Panicum miliaceum South said that the "dragon No." bathyscaphs to over 3,700 meters below has proved its ability, it could be combined with some regional survey seabed mineral application. In the next appropriate season, "No. dragon" will also have the depth of 5,000 meters and 7,000 meters launched its attack.
"No. dragon" design capacity of deep submergence depth of 7,000 meters, is the world's manned submersibles in the same type the maximum depth. "No. dragon" in the air weighs less than 22 tons, can carry three people.
Panicum miliaceum South, said Xu, "dragon number" represents a deep-sea manned bathyscaphs the forefront of high-tech field, it has the deep-sea exploration, submarine high-precision topographic survey, detection and capture suspicious objects, features such as deep-sea biological study, the scope of work can cover 99.8% of the global ocean area.
】 【Security
Can throw away the pressure of iron, an emergency float arm
"" No. dragon "with a stable close to the seabed, automatic navigation and station keeping functions, and the mother ship can carry out high-speed voice, text, images and real-time transmission. Our self-developed large battery capacity, can guarantee the energy to protect submersible operating time. "manned deep submergence and other countries compared device, Xu Panicum miliaceum South that" dragon No. "has these characteristics.
As the spacecraft into space can not be separated, as are inseparable from the development and utilization of deep sea loading equipment. Has a deep manned submersibles and with fine deep-sea fishing and is a national deep-sea comprehensive reflection of technological competitiveness. With the manned deep submergence devices, scientists can directly participate in deep-sea frontier scientific research.
However, the risk is not small manned deep submergence. How to safeguard the personnel security?
"Bathyscaphs somewhat similar to the principle of balloons, each time we go on with the pressure of iron, there are problems on the discard. If you experience problems winding cable, you can also discard arm, battery, etc., all can throw away the The equipment is thrown away, to ensure the safety float. This is written in the security plan inside. "Tsung Yeh said.
In addition, as a security plan, bathyscaphs can guarantee operation in the water than the scheduled time for an extra three days, and have the relevant security.
Submerged members about the "dragon" undersea life:
3700 tons per square meter of pressure to bear
What is the concept of depth of 3,700 meters? "The depth of pressure is equivalent to 1 square meter area of 3.7 thousand tons of weight to bear." Tsung Yeh said.
Submerged deep-sea members said, is the sea below 1,000 meters, where there is no oxygen, no sunlight, very cold, and the deeper, the greater the pressure.
Each water, 2.1 m diameter sphere tanks contain three individuals, one is submerged member of staff responsible for research projects and two trials.Tsung Yeh said, "The first feeling is for entrance to the manned space capsule is too small, just can only put three individuals, but three individuals it is very difficult to stand up."
Tsung Yeh said, "In the course of submersible water severe shaking, the cabin will be very hot and sweat. As the depth increases, submersibles will gradually darken around until dark, very low temperature, long operating time would be more cold. "
Will not be afraid to dive in? "Although various devices have been bathyscaphs depth of 7,000 meters the pressure test, titanium shell is also very strong. But it in water when there is some tension and fear." Tsung Yeh said.
Along with "dragon's name," the research, one of the first submerged sea trials staff members and teams have been formed. The submerged head of the expert group of trainers is responsible for training astronauts experts.
As a member of Tsung Yeh, the driver of the submerged 30 years old, his two companions Tang Jialing, Fu Wentao are "after 80", 3 people are university graduates. Present deep diving officer at the age of 20 years to 50 years old. As a submerged member, Tsung Yeh, a special part in the Sino-US joint deep-sea voyage, have some practical experience underwater, also accepted the system of psychological, physical and professional training.
"To such a deep dive to the deep sea, our more stringent selection process." Tsung Yeh said, such as the body can not have odor, so that in such a small space, peer influence; not have claustrophobia; generally not more than 80 kg body weight ; also have some fine manipulation capabilities.
Before each dive, the water officer can not eat pungent flavor and easy to lead to gastrointestinal food. "I generally do not eat breakfast, eat a little before noon on the sea, because the cabin is not convenient to the toilet." Tsung Yeh said, the following potential of 3,700 meters, for example, floating 100 minutes, dive will take 100 minutes to 300 minutes of work, the middle also dinner in the cabin.
Manned submersible several typical application (link)
January 23, 1960, by the American D · Walton and son of the inventor Ding bathyscaphs Picard first take the first-generation manned submersible "song Sturgeon" (Trieste), the world's abyss - Mariana Trench Pacific dive, dive depth of 10,916 meters (Trench, the deepest point is 11,034 meters), won the championship dive depth. Submersible was still technically primitive.
1966 United States waters in Spain Palamers lost hydrogen bomb, from "Alvin" was (Alvin) and CURV submersible ROV with, it recovered from water depths of 856 meters.
October 1968 submersible "Alvin" from the mother ship, "Lulu" was (Lulu) on the lifting, the accidentally sank in August 1969 by the "Alumingna" (Aluminant) manned submersibles and salvage ships " Michigan "was complement each other, the" Alvin "salvaged from the 1538 m water depths up.
Submersible "Deep Probe" (Deep Quest) once in 1970, falling 1,037 m water depth in the Pacific naval aircraft salvage water.
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